Process of treating waste oakum and similar materials.



PATBNTED DEC 24, 1907. BET & 0. BUNSE.

C.L.GBLL TING WASTE OAKUM AND SIMILAR MATERIALS.

PROCESS OF TREA APPLICATION FILED FEB. 28, 1907.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' add gw No 874.668. PATENTED DEC. 24, 1907. G. L. GELLERT & C. BUNSE.

PROCESS OF TREATING WASTE OAKUM AND SIMILAR MATERIALS.

APPLICATION FI LED PEB.2B,1907.

ESHEETS-SHEET 2.

mL M Z" I 07%) M ELL. am

- O. L. GELLERT & G. BUNSB.

PROCESS OF TRBATI APPLIOATION FILED FBB.28.1907.

PATBNTED DEC. 24, 1907.

NG WASTE OAKUM AND SIMILAR MATERIALS.

5SHEBTS-SHEET 3.

No. 874,668. PATENTED DEC. 24, 1907v o. L. GELLERT & 0. BUNSE. PROCESSOF TREATING WASTE OAKUM AND'SIMILA APPLICATION FILED FEB.28,1907

R MATERIALS.

5 SHEETS*SHEET 4,

' N5. 874,668. PATENTED DEC. 24, 1907.

0. L. GELLERT & 0. BUNSE.

PROCESS OF TREATING WASTE OAKUM AND SIMILAR APPLIUATION FILEDFEB28.1907.

MATERIALS.

5'SHEETS-SHEBT 5.

/ GELLERT- andfOARL' BUNsE, both citizens I This invention relatesvicethe material undergoes. ment in the willow (Fig;

. in Processes of Treating Waste Oakum and 1 groscopic has considerableluster and is;

section through the beatin ratus; Fig. 6' a similar section through theI 'throug UNITED srnras PATENT OFFICE.

CHRISTIAN LOUIS GE'LLEBTL OF DUSSELDORF, AND CARL BUNSE, or BOCHOLT,GERMANY.

rnocnssor TREATING wasrn'oexnm AND s'rmmua MATERIALS.

Specification of Letters Batent. A raisal filed February 28.1907.secure. 359,817.

- No. 87:4,66 8. Patented Dec. 24, 1907.

To all it may camera:

Be it known. that'we, CHRISTIAN 'LoUrs of Germany, and residents,respectively, of Dusseldorf andl Bocholt, Westphalia, Germany, haveinvented new and use l'lmpr'ovements straw adhering oflthe resultingimpurities and forces them out through the pipe 7. he material is thenconveyedby means of the endless conveyer 8 tov a carding device (Fig.2). which is furnished with a special apparatus through the medium ofwhich the waste thrown out of the material from time to time by theclearers is intercepted and collected.

The material conveyed by the table 8 to the taking in cylinders 9 10 isdelivered to the drum 11 furnished with teeth and is worked between thedrum 11 and the workers 12. The material carried along by the workers 12is again conveyed to the drum by the clearers 13. I In front of eachclearer a smooth or suit-ably grooved rotar cylinder 1 arfreed from allim urities'bysuitable mechan ran ed and on this a cylinder 15 which isco ical and chemica means, and the fibers there- 1 cred with felt orsimilar material and movso that-they can be 1 ably seated in forks 16.

of made pliableandclean, used as wadding fordressings, or be spun in lThe-impurities thrown out are intercepted the curled state. Thismaterial is finer and l by the cylinder 14 and as it rotates areconbetter than cotton wool and it is very 'hyveyed to the cylinder 15 tothe felt or similar covering of which they adhere and as that l cylinderis set in rotation by the cylinder 14 Inthe accompanying drawings:Figure 1 lthey are wound and collected. In conseis a vertical section ofthe willow used m-carquence of being seated in forks the cylinder ingout our invention; Fig. 2 a similar sec- 15 is always movedcorrespondingly to the i h 'O g pu h fi rding device; I increase in thecircumference. The differ- Fig. 8 a detail of part of the same; Fig. 3aent cylinders 15 are then taken out from vertical section of the devil;Fig. 4 a similar time to time, the

machine; Fig. 5' then'put in again. Three devices are shown a similarsection through t 1e washing .appaor more than three with clearers andworkers may be arranged. A cylinder 103 serves 'for centrifugal aparatus; Fig. -7 a similar secloosening the material which is taken offby tien through t e fiber opening mill; Fig. 8 a the cylinder 104 whenceit is removed by the similar section through the drying apparatus; comb105. The second cleaning of the mate Fig. 9 a similar section throughthe second 1 rial is effected in a conical double devil or 'cardindevice; Fig. 10- -a similar section Brighton opener (Fig. 3.). Thematerial the first breaking device; Fig. 11 a'i thrown into the feedhoper 17 enters the similar section through the second breakingperforated, cylinder 18 wliere it is seized by device; Fig. 12asimilarsection through the l the staves or heaters 19 situated on arapidly roving device, and Fig. 13 a similar section-l rotating shaftand is thrown against the perthrough the throstle. 1 forated cylinder 18whereby coarse dust and After" being freed from particles of wood 1waste are forced outwards into the chamber and other matters .bymeans ofa shaking de: 120 through the openings in the cylinder.

its first treat- ,l Through the spiral like arrangement of the The wastema-fl heaters and Similar Materials, of which the following is aspecification. v

In consequence of the brittlenessv of their l fibersand the large amountof impurities and 7 particles of straw'which they contain waste oakumand waste tow have been used hith erto only in the making of objects ofsmall value such as bolsters, mats, bags etc.-

to a process accord: ing to wh h wastet'oakumor waste tow is strongerthan cotton wool.

the centrifugal force the mate- 'terial introduced mto the machine at 1is-'Q'I rial is moved uplwards leaves the devil at 21 seized by-thestecl'prongs 20f the drum 3 'and'fl and reaches a c ute 22 alongwhich itpasses thrown against prongs 5arrayed on the side 4 into the feed hopper23 of the second conical of the casing, w ereb the unopened agglomdevil.On this a perforated drum 24 is arand partially freed from the particles,of-

erated fibers ar ranged against which the loosenedmaterial,

pul ed, apart and loosened l ie-thrown. a fan 25 which is connected withto them. The fan 6 draws waste stripped oil and are 8 the interior ofthe drum drawing oil the impurities and forcing them away through thepipe 26. From the drum the material now considerably loosened and in afieece'like state reaches the feeder 27 by which it is conveyed to adouble beatin machine (Fig. 4.). The feeder 27 conveys the material tothe feeder 28 which delivers it to the taking in .cylinders 29, 30,which then conveys it to heaters 31 furnished with rods pr teeth; Theheaters 'make 1000 revolutions per minute and the material undergoesvigorous but improving treatment and complete cleaning and separation ofthe fibers are obtained. The heaters 31 throw the material past the bars32, 33, against the perforated drums 34, 35, the interior of which arelikewise in communication with a fan, which drawsjoif the dust out ofthe material thrown against the drum. The drums 34, 35, push thematerial between the cylinders 36, .37, whence it reaches the inclinedway 38 "and passes into the second beating machine. ,ln the two beatinmachines not-only are any impurities sti lcontained in the materialremoved, but the coarser fibers are separated into finer fibers, whichis of great importance as regards the subsequent spinning. V

The further treatment is effected by baths, which besides cleaning alsoseparate the fibers; Fig. 5 represents a washing a paratus. The annularrece tacle for the bat and the material is furnis ed'at the bottom withheatin tubes 39, to which steam is conveyed through the pipe 40. Abovethe heating tubes agrating 41 is arranged on which the material lies. Inthe upper part of the receptacle a paddle wheel 42 s provided which isset in rotation and so causes a circulation of the liquid and a movementof the material. Moreover on the receptacles. shaft 43 is seated thatcarries arms 44 towhich hooks 45 are linked. When the shaft rotatesthese dip into the fece tacle carry the material along outwards anconvey it on to a conveying cloth 46. The hooks 45 which ordinarily hangdownwards, when moved upwards out of the receptacle come with anextension 47 under a roller or the like 48 which moves the hooksinto ahorizontal position. The liquid is conveyed to the receptacle throu hthe pipe 49 above and is run 0 through the pipe 50 below.

The following baths are suitably emplo ed. The first bath which isspecially intende for removing the gum from the fibers consists of a 3per cent. boiling solution of ammonia soda. Then follows a cold washingbath. The third bath consists of a'lO er cent. solution of caustic lye,in which the fi ers are brought to a cur g condition. Then followsanother washing bath. The following bath serves specially for making thefibers liable and consists of a. solution of soap an sal ammoniac of astrength suited to the origin and character of the fibers. The last bathis a washing bath. The material is suitably conveyed rom one bath to theother between smoothin rollers. In connection with the lastbathTuowever, the material without being conveyed between the cylinders,in order that it may not be felted by the pressure thereof, is conveyeddirectly into a centrifugal machine (Fig. 6.) where the material isehydrated. 7

The centrifugalmachine consists of the perforated inner casing '51 forthe reception of the material which is set in rotation by means of thebelt pulley 52, and the outer casing 53. In order to open the fibersagain the material is now brought into an opening mill (Fig. 7). Thisconsists of the drum 54 furnished withders 55, to which the material isconveyed by the conveying cloth 56. The drum throws the material fromthe grooved cylinder and on to the conveying cloth 57 furnished withprongs. This latter conveys the material past a book 58 which removesthe superfluous material carried along, and then brings it against acomb 106- which releases the material from the conveying cloth andconveys it to a drying ap aratus (Fig. 8.). In a casing 60v heating tues are arranged, below and above these a number of endless conveyingbands 61 made of wire- Fans 62 draw the heated air uniformly through thewhole casing 60.

ranged in passes from the uppermost band on to the band below andso onbeing always moved longitudinally through the casing by each separateband. The lowest conveying band delivers the material to a conveyingband 64 which conveys it outwards. The material is then placed in acarding device (Fig. 9) in order that it may be thoroughly loosened.This is furnished with a feed device 65 which brings the materialuniformly to the feed table 66 of the carding device. The feed deviceconsists of a conveying band 67 likewise furnished with pronged wire,material is conveyed by the accompanyin cloth 68, a hook 69 that removesmateria carried forward in excess and a cylinder 71 furnished withheaters 70 which throw the material on to the feed table 66 afterremovin it from the conveying band 67. The table 66 delivers thematerial to the cylinders 72 which conve it to the drum.7 3 furnishedwith cards. T e treatment of the material then machine shown in Fig. 2.

clearers 75 are provided as ratus for intercepting and collecting thewaste thrown off by the clearers that is to say grooved cylinders 14 andcylinders 15 covered with elt or the like and movably seated in a fork16. The rotary heaters 63 furnished with teeth or rongs throw thefibrous material from the (11m Workers 74 and well as the appa- Theconveying bands are so are, different planes that thematerial to whichthe proceeds in a similar manner as in the and against a.

- ihe material passes from i'l'eecmg apparatus perforated druin, 76which conveys it to the feeder 77. The drum 76 is likewise incommunication with a fan 78.

The further treatment of the maierial is ell'ected on a special cardingmachine (Figs. 10 11 12). ()n the first machine provided with aspreading apparatus 79 (Fig. 10): the fibers are placed parallel andworked into a lleece. The feed device is similar to that shown in Fig. 9bur. the material is removed from the pronged conveying cloth by meansof a lifting device 107 which conveys it io a scale 86 by which havingbeen mechanically eighed it is delivered to the feed table 80 whence itreaches the preliminary drum 81 furnished with indentations, theclearers 82 l and orkers S3 and then passes on to thedrum 85 and theclearers 87 and orkers 88. The cylinders 89 and 90 remove the materialfrom the drum and since it is released by the combs 91 convey it throughthe medium of the conveying cloth 92 and the cylinders 93, 94., to thebreaker cylinder 95 whence it is conveyed to a receiver 97 or direct tothe second breaker (Fig. 11.) This has substantially the same parts asthe first breaker, but the drum into the The material can now dressingor be spun.

be used as wadding for In the latter case the material is made intocoarse roving, by rovy The rover whlch 1s first ing machine (Fig. 12)..constructed substantiall like the breaker is combined for t 's purposewith a special fleecing apparatus 98 where the fibers areunned as auniformly thick fur and curled. l

99, to which the material is conveyed from the cylinders 89, i 90 bymeans of the conveying bands 100,101.

The conversion of the coarse roving into fine yarn is effected suitablyon the throstle (Fig. 13), as this machine alone allows of aconsiderable stretching or longitudinal expansion since it is furnishedwith a tubular arrangement 102 by means of which at the i moment whenthe stretching is to be eflected, the yarn receives a' socalled falsetwist l which holds the fibers together.

Having now particularly described and as' certained the nature of thesaid invention,

and in'what manner the same is to be peraction, again carding n, andsubstantially as specified.

Signed by me at Dusseldorf Germany this twenty-second day of December1906.

CH. LOUIS GELLERT. (AR-I) BUNSE.

Witnesses: I

ALFRED PO LMEYER, PETERv LIEBER.

